In which decontamination procedure is a spongy material mixed with a liquid hazardous material and then collected for disposal?

The correct answer is absorption. This decontamination procedure involves using a spongy or absorbent material that is designed to soak up hazardous liquids. When the absorbent material comes into contact with the hazardous material, it collects and retains the liquid, effectively removing it from the contaminated area. This is particularly useful for cleaning up spills and ensuring that the hazardous substance is safely contained for proper disposal.

Neutralization, ion exchange, and filtration serve different purposes within decontamination processes. Neutralization involves chemically reacting with a hazardous substance to make it less harmful, ion exchange is a method used to remove dissolved ions from solutions, and filtration is the process of removing solids from liquids or gases by passing them through a filter. While these techniques are integral to hazardous waste management and decontamination, they do not specifically involve the spongy material acting to absorb and collect liquid hazards as absorption does.